It is related to an uncontrolled expansion of urban areas, scattered settlement areas (how dense or scattered are the buildings and patches of built-up areas within the landscape), and low-density development (high area of land per person). Despite the dialogue about the definition of urban sprawl, it represents overall a wasteful type of urbanization. Urban sprawl is the type of urban growth having a negative meaning. Urban growth offers a variety of opportunities (economic, social, political growth), but it has a negative impact as well. Urban growth has a double meaning on one hand, it signifies the constant rise of urban population (urbanization) and, on the other hand, the expansion of urban lifestyle and infrastructure within the settlement system. The analysis of the dynamics and the spatial configuration of the trends of urban growth consists of an essential topic in current urban studies. Urban shrinkage is caused mainly due to changes in economic demographic and political systems as well as environmental hazards, and it leads to “under-utilization, vacancy, demolition, emerging brownfield sites, and de-densification of spaces”. Approximately forty percent of European cities with a population of more than two hundred thousand are witnessing urban shrinkage from economic and demographic perspectives. At the European level, we notice two extremes around hundred sixty five million citizens live in dynamically growing cities mainly due to migration, and around twenty five million citizens live in “dynamically shrinking” cities. Globally, cities expand, and their population is growing one in five people on earth lives in a city with a population of more than one million, and sixty percent of the global population is projected to live in urban settlements by the year 2030. Humankind alters the earth´s natural processes and shapes the landscapes causing alterations in global scale phenomena such as land use/land cover change, economy, energy, transport, population, and urbanization, among others. This fact unveils the need to adopt a more holistic and interdisciplinary approach to urban planning and design, integrating these concepts to improve the quality of life and public health in urban areas. In regards to our concepts of interest, smart, and regenerative urban growth, we see that there is an absence of conceptual contiguity since both concepts have been approached on an individual basis. This study discloses that urban growth is a complex phenomenon that covers social, economic, and environmental aspects, and the overlaps between them, leading to a diverse range of concepts on urban development. Heat-maps of impact citations, cutting-edge research on the topic, tip-top ideas, concepts, and theories are highlighted and revealed through VOSviewer bibliometrics based on a selection of 1686 documents acquired from Web of Science, for a timespan between 20. This study presents the result of the literature network analysis exploring the state of the art in the concepts of smart and regenerative urban growth under urban metabolism framework. “Smart city”, “sustainable city”, “ubiquitous city”, “smart sustainable city”, “eco-city”, “regenerative city” are fuzzy concepts they are established to mitigate the negative impact on urban growth while achieving economic, social, and environmental sustainability.
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